Computer games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Computer games - Essay Example If the vigorous physical sports and the wild spirit characterized the children of previous century, I believe the trademark of today’s youth is computer games. According to Diane Carr â€Å"computer games have existed in some form for almost half a century and have been a mass-market commercial phenomenon for more than twenty five years. They are a regular part of life for millions of people†. Internet and computer games have turned out to be an entrenched aspect of the daily lives of many people. The use of computers has gone further than just work and is at present a main source of enjoyment and entertainment. For the majority of the individuals, gaming at computer is incorporated into their daily lives in a reasonably healthy way. Whereas for others, time used up on the computer games fails to meet equilibrium, and has succeeded to replace work, education, family, and even friends. A massive Multiplayer online game (MMOGs) is mainly a very spectacular example of the fame and extension of computer games not simply between the youth but with gamers of all age. Distinguished because of their unrelenting implicit world, their complic ated narrative situations, surroundings and iconography, their frequently captivating aesthetics and their level, their main prominent characteristic, debatably are the manners in which they operate. As modern media plus digital civilization obtains a progressively more vital position in the lives of young people’s, computer games happen to characterize the manners in which contemporary characteristics, prospects and knowledge regarding the world may be formed and manipulated by their commitment with the world of online gaming through computers. The basic disadvantages of computer games on the extensive gamers are that similar to other forms of addictions, the users turn out to be lost in the world of gaming, tell untruths about the time they spend playing it, elude themselves from other things in life only to

A New Foreign Owner of Liverpool Football Club About How the Club's Coursework

A New Foreign Owner of Liverpool Football Club About How the Club's Fans Might Be Segmented - Coursework Example The owner also plans to find out the appropriate ways of reaching out to their segmented and targeted fans. The present economic crises, the heavy debt of the club and the growing expenses have called for the need of steady revenue generation which could only be attained with the help and support of the loyal fans of the club. Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 4 Brief Background of the Issues 5 Analysis of the Issues 6 Conclusion and Recommendations 9 Summary 10 References 11 Bibliography 13 Introduction The Liverpool Football Club was acquired by John W. Henry in the year 2010 and he is now the present owner of the club. The present owner has been planning to categorize the fans of the club in terms of marketing segmentation. Along with the segmentation, the owner is also planning to look and develop strategies that would help the club to reach those segmented fans. Targeting the fans was important so as to boost the sales of the club which was considered important for meeti ng up the expenses of the club as well the dues. The club was already under a heavy debt and its increasing expenses in terms of holding on and maintaining the players and also the alterations in the codes of tax have compelled the owners to seek for ways so as to augment the revenues. The club has a stadium which is situated in Liverpool itself and is also pursuing the construction of an additional one (This Is Anfield, 2011). Segmenting the fans and seeking for efficient strategies to reach them would prove to be helpful for the club to build strategies which in turn is most likely to generate revenue from them (Westerbeek & Smith, 2003). Brief Background of the Issues The recent economic crisis made it clear that professional football was in jeopardy. The football clubs that were considered as over-committed could not escape from the shackles of this crisis. This made the stakeholders realize that the clubs should be operated or functioned like financially sound trading companies rather than recreational units (Butenko, 2010; Boyle & Haynes, 2004). It was identified that a football club which had a strong support was not considered to be a throwaway company with regard to other industries. The football clubs, in order to survive the economic crisis, meet up with the rising expenses and maintain their honored reputation, required the strong support of their loyal fans. It has become a fact that the gap between the supporters and the clubs has been augmenting which was posing to be a great challenge for the clubs to earn revenue. Therefore, it has become vital for the clubs to deal with the increasing distance on an urgent basis so as to keep on the supporters pouring in. This would facilitate the clubs to establish an indispensable source of financial support which would help the clubs to overcome the present crisis as well as earn enough proceeds needed for the functioning of the clubs (Garland & Et. Al., 2000). The Liverpool Football Club was observed to e ncounter a similar problem in terms of earning revenue and meeting its expenses as well as existing liabilities. The necessity of revenue generation made the owners of the club plan to segment their fans in terms of marketing and seek suitable ways of approaching them (This Is Anfield, 2011). Analysis of the Issues The Liverpool Football Club was already known to be in heavy debt while changing hands. The new owners of the club were responsible for meeting the debt liabilities along with the usual expenses of the club. Acquiring

Soft Systems Methodology Analysis Construction Essay

Soft Systems Methodology Analysis Construction Essay This essay investigates Soft Systems Methodology, which is a way of dealing with problem situations in which there is a high social, political and human activity component. SSM varies from other methodologies as it does not deal with the HARD problems that are more technically oriented but instead it deals with SOFT problems. Organizations are making large investments in construction projects. Many factors affect the successful achievement of projects, and to be considered successful, project objectives and specifications must be achieved on time and on budget, also projects should meet Stakeholders expectations and realize measurable benefits. But construction projects are often difficult to estimate and manage; some projects are cancelled or reduced in scope because of overruns in cost and or time, or failure to produce expected benefits. That what makes risk management for construction projects a challenging task. FIGURE 1 SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY: Soft System Methodology is the brainwave of  Professor Peter Checkland. The methodology was devised as a result of consultancy work (Platt, 1995).  Hutchings (2006) explains this development as an approach which can be accessed in the situation where Hard System Methodologies are fruitless. He writes,   When confronted with complex real world problems which cannot be defined solely in the scientific terms, Checkland was forced to abandon the classic system engineering thinking which could not describe fully the situation he faces. This led to a fundamental reappraisal of the classics hard approach and the subsequent development of the Soft Methodology. Hence, SSM is classified as a generic methodology (Wilson, 1992) which should be adapted to any given situation. It deals with fuzzy problem situations situations where people are viewed not as passive objects, but as active subjects, where objectives are unclear or where multiple objectives may exist (Rosenhead, 1989). This is explained as human activity system (HAS)   a collection of activities, in which people are purposefully engaged, and the relationships between the activities (Platt, 1995).  Hence SSM is a qualitative technique that can be used for applying System Thinking to non-systematic situations. It follows its progression in seven stages as laid down by Checkland in seven stage model which  is considered by most people to be  the  SSM (Platt, 1995). The seven stages are incorporated into two parts: the real world and systems thinking, as illustrated  in Figure 2. The diagram is divided into two halves. The upper half (Stages 1, 2, 5, 6, 7) are activities th at take place in the real world that is they are based on the knowledge and experience of the participant of how things are to them (Beckford 1998) and therefore should involve people in the problem situation. The bottom half (Stages 3,4,4a,4b) are systems thinking activities which are carried out in the language of systems and may or may not involve people in the problem situation, depending on the circumstances of study  (Johnson, 1999).   FIGURE 2: LEARNING CYCLE OF SSM Effective Risk Management: Project risk management consists of two stages: Risk Assessment, and Risk Control. Risk Assessment is an iterative process; it can take place at any stage and during any time of the project lifecycle, though the sooner the better. Risk Control cannot be effective without a previous risk assessment. TYPES OF RISKS IN CONSTRUCTION: Risk in the design (Flanagan, Norman):   The design risk includes:   Errors in the drawing and design by the architects, structural engineer,   Risk of finishing the drawing in the agreed time, Risk due to number of revisions made in the drawings,  Risk due to the mistake in estimation and costing. Risk arising by the contractor:   Risk occurring due to the in experience of the contractor in doing the kind of project, Risk occurring due to the lack of coordination with the sub contractors and the suppliers which results in delay of the work, Risk due to the manpower mismanagement and also due to the issues regarding claims, disputes, Risk due to the delay in payment of bill to the contractor by the client. Risk arising by the client:   Risk due to not giving insufficient information on the clients needs to the contractor,  Risk due to delay in making important decision, Risk due to the wrong selection of procurement route to construction of the building,  Risk of delay due to changes in the architectural drawing and the design calculations,. Risk arising in the site:   Risk due to improper soil investigation in the site which results in problems like water logging, Risk due to problem with the transportation facility to the site which delays in the delivery of the materials to the site. Other miscellaneous risks: Risk in delay of the project due to the delay in the approval from the local authorities, Risk due to some political interferences,  Risk due to the problems raised by the neighbourhood property owners,  Risk due to the existence of previous building in the site. FIGURE 4: RISK IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT The Role of Each Stake Holder Involved: The stake holders involved in the Risk management study (Lambeck, Eschemuller) are: Risk Manager:   He is the head of the risk management study. He initiates the meeting with the client and submits the risk management report to the client. The risk manager will prepare a risk management evaluation report to submit to the client. Architect:   Architect works on the design of the building based on the requirements given by the client.   He is responsible for the design and he has to make sure that the design is proper and the risk of changes in the drawing is minimal. Structural Engineer:   The structural Engineer proves the structural design of the project. He is responsible for the structural stability and the safety of the building. He can change the architect drawing if there is no structural feasibility in the design. Project Manager:   The Project Manager is the main representative from the client side who is responsible for the whole construction work. He calculates the time limit to finish the project and also looks in to the quality considerations. He coordinates the construction team and make sure that the potential of risk is minimum. Quantity Surveyor: The quantity Surveyor is a main part and works on the cost aspect of the project. He will be responsible for selecting and delivering different materials for the construction. The estimates proposed by the QS will be very competitive. Client: The client is the owner of the project. The client will be providing his requirements to the project team. There fore his satisfaction with each of the proposals is very important. Service Engineer:   The service engineer is responsible for the risk involved in the service provided in the building such as electrical, plumbing, air conditioning etc. The Information Client will need to provide to the Workshop Participants before Each Study:   The client provides the requirements he expects from the study to the stake Holders such as Architect, Structural Engineer and Quantity Surveyor etc. the information client has to provide are: The aim and the objective of the project: Quality expectations: Quality is an important factor and has to be considered for the project. All the materials used for the project should be of high quality and proper checking has to be done by the project manager. Allocated budget: The budget allotted for the project has to be clearly defined. This will help in calculating the coast control techniques. The whole life cycle cost of the project and the cost certainties also has to be evaluated. There fore a detailed risk management study has to be carried out during the pre defining stage. Time limit: The time limit to complete the project has to be finalised and should be finished in the calculated time since it adversely affect the project budget. There fore the time required for the design and the execution of the project has to be calculated. The list of machineries going to be installed in the project: It is needed to fix the electrical connection. The risk manager should be provided with the plans of future expansion if there is any. Site Details: The site consideration such as the size and shape of the site and the area in which the site is situated has to meet the project objective. Hard and Soft Systems: Hard systems thinking are goal-directed as the particular study begins with the definition of the desirable goal to be achieved. It is essentially concerned with the question of how to achieve a predetermined aim. Soft is concerned with defining the options for improvement thus addressing the what to do question. It is also committed to the examination of human activity, which is the other soft part of the equation, in hard systems thinking a goal is assumed. The overall purpose of the methods used by the analyst is to modify the system in some way so that this goal is achieved in the most efficient manner. Whereas hard systems thinking is concerned with the how of the problem, in soft systems thinking, the objectives of the systems are assumed to be more complex than a simple goal that can be achieved and measured. Every system can be said to have a set of purposes or missions rather than goals. Understanding of soft systems can be achieved through debate with the actors in the sys tems. Emphasis is placed on the what as well as the how of the system. Conclusion: To deliver successful construction projects that meet the three deliverables (budget, time, and customer satisfaction), project managers should spend time assessing and managing risk, and allocating contingency and management reserves, so that any risk that arises will be mitigated, following risk assessment and planning. Without maintaining a contingency reserve, the project manager is forced to go back for additional time or dollars for every risk as it becomes a problem. Also to attain successful projects, the project managers have to follow a soft system methodology to ensure that the project starts with a chance of achievement.   BIBLIOGRAPHY: Michael. F. Dallas (2006)-   Value and Risk Management- A guide to best practise N.J. Smith, Managing risks in construction projects Beckford, J. (1998),  Quality: A Critical Introduction,  Oxford: Routledge Hutchings, J. (2006),  A Soft System Framework for the Conservation Management of Material Cultural Heritage  in Alan, D. (2008) Managerial Problem Solving,  Newport:  University  of  WALES Johnson, A. (1999),  Using Soft Systems Methodology in the Analysis of Public Involvement in EIA Platt, A. and Warwick, S. (1995),  Review of Soft System Methodologies, Journal: Industrial Management Data Systems, Vol 95, No. 4, Page 19-21 Checkland, P. (1981),  Systems Thinking, Systems Practice, Wiley:  Chichester Reason, P. and Bradbury, H. (2001)  Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry and Practice,  London: Sage  Ã‚   Rosenhead, J. (1989),  Rational Analysis of a Problematic World, Wiley:  Chichester Wilson, B. (1992),  Systems: Concepts, Methodologies and Applications, Wiley,  Chichester, Roger Flanagan, George Norman: Risk management and construction By Richard Lambeck, John Eschemuller: Urban Construction Project Management Introduction: 1 Soft System Methodology: 1 Effective Risk Management: 3 Types Of Risks In Construction: 4 The Role of Each Stake Holder Involved: 5 Hard and Soft Systems: 7 Conclusion: 8

Prostitution in 18th Century England Essay example -- European History

Prostitution in 18th Century England "Miss B____rn. No. l 8 Old Compton Street, Soho Close in the arms she languishingly lies With dying looks, short breath, and wishing eyes. This accomplished nymph has just attained her eighteenth year, and fraught with every perfection, enters a volunteer in the field of Venus. She plays on the pianofort, sings, dances, and is mistress of every Maneuver in the amorous contest that can enhance the coming pleasure; is of the middle stature, fine auburn hair, dark eyes and very inviting countenance, which ever seems to beam delight and love. In bed she is all the heart can wish, or eyes admires every limb is symmetry, every action under cover truly amorous; her price two pounds." (Maccubbin 63) The above is an excerpt from Harris's List of Covent Garden Ladies, a listing of prostitutes published annually, and primarily aimed at the wealthy, as one might suppose from the rather exorbitant fee charged by the above Miss B___ rn. This particular biography is from the 1788 edition. Not all prostitutes were this expensive though. Some of the more "common" tarts available in London could be had for a shilling or two (Maccubbin). Prostitution, in the eighteenth century, was perhaps as close as it has ever been to being an acceptable livelihood. The crusading, abolishing Puritans had been hushed up, at least a little, and the emphasis shifted to the economic reality of trying, as a woman, to support oneself in the harsh climate of London. London's primary industry was wealthy people (Maccubbin 61), and the best, and sometimes only, way to make money was to entice said wealthy people to spend their money. Being a prostitute was really the most economically viable option. Working as a seamstre... ... up on the subject for this paper, and Goodness gracious, hidden amongst ridiculous numbers of capital letters is some rather graphic stuffy which I, in my naivete? was shocked had been written so far before the 20th century. History is not so prudish as many would have one think. Anyway, my overall point is simply that prostitution was an acceptable, and often recorded way of life in the 18th century, though things got, of course, more restrained as the century wore on and the spectre of Queen Victoria began to loom large and repressed in the age to come. Also, at this time, there was not as much medical data regarding just what venereal diseases could do to someone, and once people began to realize the effects, they began to exercise a little restraint. But, for most of the century, the ladies of the evening enjoyed a profitable and almost respectable business.

An Attempted Robbery

One evening when the sun was about to set, my mother asked me to go and buy some onions and salt from the nearby sundry shop. The shop is run by Samy, a jovial middle-age Indian man with a huge pot-belly. His wife and two young children, a boy and a girl, help him run the shop. It was almost completely dark when I reached the shop. Samy had switched on the lights in his small but adequately stocked shop. He was alone at the time and I was the only customer. Samy greeted me with a huge smile. I always wanted to ask him how he kept his teeth so sparkling white but I was afraid to ask. Anyway I told him what I wanted to buy and he went about getting the things for me. Next door to Samy’s shop is a coffee shop run by another Indian man. It was still open at the time. From the coffee shop emerged two men. They came into Samy’s shop and I could smell the overpowering smell of beer coming from these two men. Both of them were young but from the way they half-walked half-staggered into the shop it was obvious they had a bit too much to drink. I kept a safe distance from these men. It is never a good idea to be near drunks. One never knows what they will do next. True enough, my caution was justified, for the next moment, without any warning, one of the men swept a pile of tinned goods from a table onto the floor. In a second the neat rows were reduced to utter chaos. The man who did it roared out in laughter. I could see Samy’s anger rising. He raised his voice. As if in reply to his retort, the two men started shouting obscenities at him. Then suddenly a knife appeared in one of the men’s hand. The man that held the knife was small and wiry and judging from the muscles in his hand I had no doubt he was very strong. The knife-man lunged and in a flash he had the point of his knife at Samy’s throat. Samy froze and his face paled. I was so overwhelmed by the suddenness of events that the next thing I knew I could not move my hands, nor the other parts of my body. I was held in a vice-like grip by the other man. I did not even see him coming. I struggled but all I could do was to make the grip tighten more. I got difficult to breathe. I heard a lot of shouting and I could see the knife-man slapping Samy. Reluctantly Samy opened the drawer where he kept his cash and the knife-man leaned over and made a grab for the cash. That was a big mistake he made. For a fleeting moment his knife was forgotten and in that short moment Samy seized his chance. Samy’s huge right hand came down hard over the back of the leaning man’s head. The force of the blow carried the man’s head right down hard onto the table. There was a sickening thud when face met table. The knife-man’s head rebounded like a rubber ball from the table and I could see blood all over his face. He was badly hurt. The knife dropped from lifeless hands on the floor. Moving with surprising speed, Samy grabbed a bottle of tomato ketchup from a shelf and broke it over the man’s head. Red tomato ketchup splattered all over the place. I could not distinguish how much of the red stuff on the man’s face was his own blood, or tomato ketchup. Slowly he sank to the floor and lay still. I struggled to get loose. I felt so easy. Then I realized that hands no longer held me. I turned around and saw the dark figure of a man running out of the shop and disappearing into the semi-darkness. I was about to go in pursuit but Samy stopped me. He said it was useless pursuing somebody in the dark. Moreover the man could be armed and that would be dangerous. Ten minutes later the shop was filled with curious people all wanting to know what had happened. The knife-man was herded into a police car. Samy and I had to give our statements to the police. When I arrived home half an hour later, my mother was waiting impatiently for me. She was about to lecture me about being so slow in getting a few things but she stopped and listened dumbfounded while I related the recent events to her. When I finished she smiled and said that she was glad I was not injured.

Organisational Performance and Customer Satisfaction Equation.

As the Chief Executive Officer of Sierra Lighthouse Hotel Freetown, I’ve been provided with an Organisational Performance and Customer Satisfaction equation: Consumer Expected Quality – Organisational Actual Quality = Customer Perceived Quality EQ > AQ => Dissatisfaction EQ = AQ => Mere Satisfaction AQ > EQ => Delighted Customer An Organization Performance includes multiple activities, that help in establishing the goals of the organization, and monitor the progress towards the target. It is used to make adjustments to accomplish goals more efficiently and effectively. Organization Performance is what business executives and owners are usually frustrated about. This is so because, even though the employees of the company are hard-working, and are busy doing their tasks, their companies are unable to achieve the planned results. Results are achieved more due to unexpected events and good fortune rather than the efforts made by the employees. Customer satisfaction, a business term, is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. It is seen as a key performance indicator within business and is part of the four of a Balanced Scorecard. The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategic performance management tool – a semi-standard structured report supported by proven design methods and automation tools that can be used by managers to keep track of the execution of activities by staff within their control and monitor the consequences arising from these actions. In a competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers, customer satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator and increasingly has become a key element of business strategy. Organizations need to retain existing customers while targeting non-customers. Measuring customer satisfaction provides an indication of how successful the organization is at providing products and/or services to the marketplace. Customer satisfaction is an abstract concept and the actual manifestation of the state of satisfaction will vary from person to person and product/service to product/service. The state of satisfaction depends on a number of both psychological and physical variables which correlate with satisfaction behaviors such as return and recommend rate. The level of satisfaction can also vary depending on other factors the customer, such as other products against which the customer can compare the organization's products. Consumer Expected Quality – Organisational Actual Quality = Customer Perceived Quality Analyzing the equation showing how it could lead to all the possible customer perception outcomes: EQ ; AQ =; Dissatisfaction EQ = AQ =; Mere Satisfaction AQ ; EQ =; Delighted Customer The above figure provides a view of the process in which customers needs and expectations are translated into output during the design, production and delivery process. True consumer needs and expectations are called Expected Quality ( EQ ). EQ is what the customer assumes will be received from the product. The producer identifies these needs and expectations and translates them into specification for products and services. Actual Quality ( AQ ) is the outcome of the production process and what is delivered to the customer. AQ may differ considerably from EQ. This difference happens when information gets lost or misinterpreted from one step to the next. Perceived Quality ( PQ ) is the customer's perception of the overall quality or superiority of a product or service with respect to its intended purpose, relative to alternatives. The quality of the product may considerably differ form what the customer actual receives. Because PQ derives customer behavior, this area is where producers should really concentrate. Any difference between the EQ and AQ can cause either a delighted customer ( AQ > EQ ) or dissatisfied customer ( EQ> AQ ), but when EQ = AQ results in merely satisfied customer. EQ > AQ = Dissatisfaction This is were in the actual quality of a product or service is greater than what the customer expected I. e. the expected quality. Example, a person may have heard only good things about the food at Sierra Lighthouse restaurant and decides to eat there. The food is expensive since it’s a five star hotel. Upon arrival he orders a dish and instead of being served within 20 minutes like it’s suppose to be the dish comes after 45 minutes. The customer tastes the food and it’s tasteless, the customer would be dissatisfied and would never visit Sierra Lighthouse. The customer would also tell his friends and family about his/her bad experience and they too would never visit Sierra Lighthouse. EQ = AQ = Mere satisfaction This is were in the what a customer expects ( EQ ) is exactly what the customer gets ( AQ ). Example, a person is used to eating grilled shrimps at Kimbima’s Restaurant then a friend comes along and offer to take him/her to Sierra Lighthouse for Dinner. The customer orders grilled shrimps at the Sierra Lighthouse and when customer taste the food it’s tastes the same as Kimbima’s. The customer would have a mere satisfaction because that’s the taste he/she has been used to already. All the customer would have is another place to eat his/her favourite dish in case Kimbima runs out of shrimps. AQ > EQ = Delighted Customer This is were in what a customer gets from a product or service ( AQ ) is more than what the customer expected ( EQ ). Example, a person is used to eating Pizza at King David’s restaurant and one day a friend tells him the pizza at Sierra Lighthouse is better. The person decides to visit Sierra Lighthouse with already high perception of the pizza prepared there. The customer orders a large pizza and was told that by ordering a large pizza he/she gets 1 small pizza free. When the pizza arrived and the customer tasted it, it was more delicious than he/she imagined. The customer was delighted because he/she not only at a very delicious pizza but he had an extra one to go home. As the CEO of Sierra Lighthouse Hotel I would like to show in details how I can create dissatisfaction, mere satisfaction and Delight in my customers using my hotel. A Japanese professor Noriaki Kano, suggests three classes of customer requirements: Dissatisfiers Satisfiers Exciters/Delighters Dissatisfiers- These are linked to customer dissatisfaction. These are requirements that are expected by customers in a product or service which are generally not stated by a customer but assumed to be there. If these features are not present the customer would be dissatisfied. Example, a customer takes a room at Sierra Lighthouse hotel for a week, he/she knows that it is a five star hotel and it should have certain standards. Five star hotels most have a hair drier, hot water, air condition, towels ( both bath and hand towels ), 24 hour electricity, internet connection and cable TV. The customer who is a woman after unpacking and going for a shower and washing her hair realizes there is no hair drier. The customer would be dissatisfied because it is a most for a five star hotel to have a hair drier in their bathrooms. Satisfiers- These are linked to mere customer satisfaction. These are requirements that customers say they want. Although these requirements are generally not expected fulfilling them creates satisfaction. Example, a customer calls and books a room at Sierra Lighthouse and tell us if possible he/she would like a room with a bath tub and a balcony with sea view if possible. When the customer is show his/her room it’s exactly what he/she asked for, the customer would be merely satisfied because he/she know that my hotel would always meet customer wants. Exciters/Delighters- These are linked to delighted customer. These are requirements that a customer doesn’t ask for or expect. These requirements are generally not asked for or expected but are offer to create delight. Example, a customer calls from over seas and books a room with Sierra Lighthouse hotel and gives us the date and time of his arrival. The hotel sends a car to the airport to pick up the customer, the customer would be delighted. This is because he/she didn’t ask or expected to be picked up but was delighted to see that the hotel offered an extra service. The effects of the three possible performance outcomes on the profitability or other wise of the organisation: Dissatisfaction When a customer’s expectation about a product or service is greater than the actual quality of the product or service, the customer will be dissatisfied. When a customer is not satisfied he/she would simple stop requiring the product or service I. . stop buying them. When a customer stops buying a product or service that mean the organisation looses that customer because the customer would go and look for a better replacement. If customers of an organisation are not satisfied with the product or service that, that organisation produces, then the organisation is not only loosing it customers but also looses it money. An unsatis fied customer is a customer who’d give bad publicity to the business, and as long as the word is out the business would start losing money because there would be no customers to buy their products or services. Dissatisfaction has a negative impact on the profitability of the organisation, which would eventually turn into loses and the collapse of the business. Mere Satisfaction When a customer is merely satisfied, it means that customer expectation is equal to the actual quality of the product or service. Merely satisfied customers are not enough for an organisation to become very profitable, instead the organisation maybe on the edge of collapsing. Customers may patronize the organisation out of loyalty, but for most customers, they’d be looking for somewhere to get extra value for their money’s worth. An organisation which offers products or services that merely satisfy it customer wouldn’t be very profitable. Either the organisation works on their quality to get delighted customers or shut down for good because in the long run the organisation would collapse. It will collapse because at the end of the day all the customers would leave to look for an organisation that will offer them better products or services. Delighted customer When a customer is delighted, it means that the actual quality of the product or services exceeds the customers expectation. A delighted customer has little incentive to even consider other brands. On the contrary, by changing brands they risk loosing some of their current delight. The organisation which delights it customers would become very profitable and have a great publicity. Old customer will keep on buying from that organisation and bringing new customer to the organisation.